A Policy Exchange report has warned that international students are increasingly using UK higher education as a “backdoor” to long-term residency.
The centre-right think tank called for abolishing the graduate visa route for all but postgraduate research students, arguing the current system prioritizes immigration over education.
The report noted a 66% rise in international student numbers from 2014/15 to 2023/24 and a significant increase in “visa switching,” with 40% of international students in 2023 moving to other visa categories within a year, up from 3% in 2019.
It claimed the graduate visa, allowing international graduates to work in the UK for up to two years, is being exploited as a route to settlement.
Zachary Marsh, the report’s author, said: “Universities must focus on education, not immigration. The system allows those uninterested in studying to use visas as a work pathway. Stronger action is needed to ensure international students benefit our economy and universities.”
In May, the Labour Government proposed cutting the graduate visa to 18 months, following 2024 Conservative reforms that restricted most international students from bringing dependants, except for certain research programs or scholarship recipients.
Policy Exchange argued the measures fall short.
The report also suggested international students may be crowding out UK students at some universities.
At a Policy Exchange event in London, Shadow Education Minister Neil O’Brien is expected to criticize the system, highlighting its burden on taxpayers and students who face high debt for low-wage jobs.
Russell Group chief executive Tim Bradshaw defended the graduate visa, stating it helps the UK remain competitive globally.
“It allows graduates to contribute economically post-study,” he said.
“Universities are committed to preventing abuse while welcoming genuine students.”
A government spokesperson outlined ongoing reforms, including the visa reduction and stricter university oversight.
“We’ll ensure graduates enter high-skilled roles, meeting workforce needs,” they said.
“Tighter enforcement will curb system abuse while supporting our world-class universities.”
